A Little About Lithium

www.acsh.org
5 min read
fairly easy
Lithium batteries are in the news constantly. But lithium has plenty of other uses. It's a drug for bipolar disorder. It used to be put in soda for hangovers, and it saved the lives of the Apollo 13 astronauts. A little about lithium - a fascinating element.
If you were to conduct a random on-the-street survey of 100 New Yorkers and ask them the question "What is lithium?" the following will occur:

57 will ignore you entirely.

21 will ask for bus fare to Newark (It's always Newark. Not sure why.)

11 will tell you to go f########.

9 will punch you.

4 will say "batteries."

3 will say "a drug for bipolar disorder."

2 will vomit on you.

1 will vomit on one of the two guys who just vomited on you.

That's not half bad. Seven people got the answer at least partly right and no one died. I say "only partly" because lithium does far more than stabilize sufferers of bipolar disorder or run your cordless drill. Anyone in the mood for a lithium lesson?

Didn't think so.

Too bad, you're getting one anyhow...

LITHIUM METAL DOES NOT EXIST ON EARTH IN ITS NATURAL (METALLIC) FORM

Lithium metal, a soft solid, that can be cut with a knife, is far too reactive to be found in its natural (metallic) form. This is because it belongs to the Group 1 element (alkali metals) on the periodic table - the most reactive class of metals. Lithium reacts instantly with oxygen and water, even though it is the least reactive Group 1 element (Figure 1).

Figure 1. The alkali metals are found in the left column on the periodic table. All are too reactive to be found in their elemental forms; the reactivity increases with atomic weight (lower in the column). Image: Wikimedia Commons

LITHIUM MINERALS

All lithium is found in mineral form, usually in combination with oxygen, silicon, and aluminum. Some lithium mineral specimens are simply beautiful.

Some lithium-containing minerals. Wow! Photos: Wikimedia Commons, Wikimedia Commons, Wikimedia Commons

OTHER MISCELLANEOUS FACTS ABOUT LITHIUM

Lithium is the lightest metal in the world. Its density is 0.534 grams…
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