Peptide Bond

The mechanism that triggers the progressive dysregulation of cell functions, inflammation, and breakdown of tissues during aging is currently unknown. We propose here a previously unknown mechanism due to tissue autodigestion by the digestive enzymes. After synthesis in the pancreas, these powerful enzymes are activated and transported inside the lumen of the small intestine to which they are compartmentalized by…

/PRNewswire-PRWeb/ -- The International Society for Pharmaceutical Engineering (ISPE) has recognized Eli Lilly Kinsale Limited as the Overall Winner of the...

A team of researchers at NYU Abu Dhabi (NYUAD), led by Program Head of Chemistry Ali Trabolsi, have developed nanoscale covalent organic frameworks (nCOFs), crystalline organic polymers that have been modified with peptides to treat the most aggressive form of breast cancer, known as triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC).

By Jonathan Gressel, LEC Partners (formerly Lee Enterprises Consulting), Weizmann Institute of Science and HiCap Formulations (Israel) Ltd. Special to The Digest Modern pesticides provide a healthy, safe food supply. The twentieth-century discovery of small organic molecule pesticides revolutionized agriculture and food production. Pesticides such as herbicides replaced manual and mechanical cultivation, while…

When nucleic acids like DNA or RNA build up in a cell's cytoplasm, it sets off an alarm call for the immune system. Enzymes usually clear these nucleic acids before they cause an issue, but when these enzymes don't work and the immune system gets called in, it can lead to autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.

In a new study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, University of Utah (the U) biologists have developed a method for illuminating the intricate interactions of the synaptonemal complex in the nematode C. elegans.

Controlling the process of destabilization is important when manipulating the unfolding and refolding of proteins in vitro (outside their native environment). To this end, urea and alcohol are used as cosolvents, substances added in small amounts along with water, to destabilize and denature proteins.

Though the pathophysiology of clinical obesity is undoubtedly multifaceted, several lines of clinical evidence implicate an important functional role for glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) signalling. Clinical studies assessing GLP-1 responses in normal ...

Targeting the membrane of a virus, rather than its proteins, could lead to a new generation of antivirals

MIT CSAIL researchers created FrameDiff, a computational tool utilizing machine learning to design novel protein structures. By simulating protein backbones with mathematical frames, FrameDiff constructs proteins that surpass natural varieties.

HyenaDNA is a long genomic sequence model trained on the Human Reference Genome with context length of up to 1 million tokens.

BAC stepwise insertion synthesis (BASIS) can be used to build synthetic genomes for diverse organisms, and continuous genome synthesis (CGS) enables the rapid synthesis of entire Escherichia coli genomes from functional designs.

An international team of biotechnologists and neuroscientists has found the mechanism responsible for reducing depression symptoms in patients given two kinds of hallucinogenic compounds. In their mouse study, reported in the journal Nature Neuroscience, the group isolated binding receptors involved in the types of neural plasticity associated with improvements in depression symptoms. The editors at Nature…

James Watson and Francis Crick revealed the structure of DNA — the genetic instructions in all living things — 70 years ago in the journal Nature. Watson and Crick could not have succeeded without British chemist Rosalind Franklin's data, writes Dan Levitt. It's clear that her data was passed on without her knowledge, and Franklin was given insufficient credit for it, he says.

Deinococcus radiodurans can survive a range of harsh environments and is resistant to very high levels of ionizing and UV radiation, dehydration, cold, vacuum, and even acid. Therefore, the bacterium has unmatched potential to act as a bacterial chassis (i.e., a bacterium that carries and supports the genetic components necessary for a particular experiment or application) in synthetic biology. For instance, it can…

Increases in transcriptional elongation speed with age affect organismal lifespan and ageing-related changes could be reversed with lifespan-extending interventions.

Researchers wanted to better understand how cell membranes in the body influence the structure of peptides—molecules made up of amino acids—and their aggregation. To do this, they used model systems that are easy to control experimentally.

Until now, it has been clear: you can have a metal or a plastic, but not both in one. However, things don't have to stay that way. In the journal Angewandte Chemie, a Chinese research team has now reported a polymer with a metallic backbone that is conductive, thermally stable, and has interesting optoelectronic properties.

A new atlas maps more than 300 protein kinases found in human cells, and identifies which types of protein substrates they target. The atlas could help scientists understand what happens when cells become cancerous or are treated with specific drugs.

One of the really tough conundrums about how life got started on Earth is the "water paradox": Liquid water is necessary for life as we know it here on Earth, and yet a lot of chainlike molecules that all living things need (like proteins, RNA, and...